Power, Protest, and Change Test (blonde davis, Intro To Business Chapter Three (Part Two), The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith. Not just, 'Because I said so.' Soon thereafter, Frederick Douglass uses some smart tactics to resume his learning. [46] See Madison, Property, in Madison: Writings (New York: Library of America, 1999), pp. Here again, two points are especially salient. What counterclaim does Douglass address in his dpeech in From - Answers work!!! work!!! June 14, 2022 The conclusion ties to the claim and. In what turned out to be Douglasss most prescient argument, slaverys demise would come about in the following sequence of events. To the contrary, among such commentators there appears to be a growing consensus that, despite its important victories, the civil rights movement must be judged as on the whole a failure. The body of the essay is three paragraphs and contains the author's reasoning, evidence, and counterclaims. The rise of this abolitionist agitation would alarm slaveholders, who would respond by attempting to suppress abolitionist speech and to strengthen and perpetuate their political power by expanding slaverys presence in federal territories, thus preparing the admission of additional slave states. Evidence should be from a source that's reliable, and it makes your argument even better if you have evidence from multiple sources. State what role curiosity plays in an interview. Douglasss postwar arguments were consistent with this position. What kind of "essay and delightful" speech does Douglas wish he could present? Including using the example of Joseph and his brothers, as well as the Israelites being slaves in Egypt. His argument is reinforced though a variety of anecdotes, many of which detailed strikingly bloody, horrific scenes and inhumane cruelty on the part of the slaveholders. Soon enough after AfricanAmericans gained the vote, Douglass believed, the interests of white politicians and voters would overcome their prejudices; blacks would be courted by the leaders of all parties, and their rights and interests would be recognized in law and policy.[41]. [43] True abolition and true liberation, in Douglasss understanding, required the restoration of slaves property rights, not the elimination of all others property. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. In your argument for a new cell phone, your mom stands on the other side. Here, where universal suffrage is the ruleto rule us out is to make us an exception, to brand us with the stigma of inferiority, and to invite to our heads the missiles of those about us.[38], This was no merely abstract consideration. At the same time, Douglass' exploration of Christianity, and its hypocrisy when used to justify slavery, and the idea that the promise of freedom cannot be realized when a group of people are enslaved, helps to bolster the claims that slavery is America's "original sin.". IV, p. 68 (emphasis in original). He in a sense manipulates the children around him into teaching him how to read and write. The Declarations affirmation, as self-evident truths, of the principles that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is now commonly read as a declaration only of the rights of propertied white males. [50] My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 286; Douglass to Stowe, March 8, 1853, in Life and Writings, Vol. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Although the election meant that a new order of eventsis now fairly opening upon the country, he reserved judgment as to just how significant a change was in prospect. -douglas was trying to to reach to people who didn't agree with slavery, but never did anything to fight against it. III, p. 420. It's how the detective is able to put the criminal in jail. Although abolitionists including Douglass had assailed Lincoln for his seeming reluctance to strike at slavery, Douglass now conceded the superiority of Lincolns judgment: Had he put the abolition of slavery before the salvation of the Union, he would have inevitably driven from him a powerful class of the American people and rendered resistance to rebellion impossible. But he makes it equally clear that slavery was not successful in achieving this aim. Suppose that you are trying to get information from people who equivocate. For example, this argument misses the key point that. His first hand accounts of the cruel nature of slavery and the thought processes of the various slave owners help to substantiate his assertion. [41] Address of the Colored National Convention, in Life and Writings, Vol. In each piece of literature both authors also unknowingly touch on topics of early American history such as free labor ideology and paternalism therefore deepening our knowledge of popular understandings during this time period. Q&A Expert 3 851 answers 4.8 rating He acknowledges that some can debate him Explanation: Quick expert help Get an expert answer for 15 minutes Who is Frederick Douglass' intended audience in his autobiography, the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass? He never had a pair of shoes, no matter how cold it got ,and had only a single thin shift to wear, summer and winter. But his Do nothing with us! rhetoric, oversimplified for emphasis, has been misunderstood by critics who read it literally as a denial of public obligation and a justification of public indifference toward the freedpeople. 2. Provide a quotation from the speech that shows Douglass's response to the counterclaim identified. This technique helps to make the argument more effective by strengthening the claim being made. All measures devisedto allay and diminish the antislavery agitation, have only served to increase, intensify, and embolden that agitation.[22]. Peter C. Myers is Professor of Political Science at the University of WisconsinEau Claire and the author of Frederick Douglass: Race and the Rebirth of American Liberalism. The Essay Skills Worksheets include 97 worksheets (printables and 97 Google slides) to help teachersdifferentiate writing instructionwith bothremedial and advancedwriting skills. So, not only does the author work on proving their claim, but they work on disproving the counterclaim or opposition's argument. Add an answer. A broad array of racially freighted social problems persists and even intensifies in the postCivil Rights Era, in the face of which the ideals of the civil rights cause cannot be said to have been fully realized. Search where you will, there is no country on the globe where labor is so respected and the laborer so honored, as in this country.[47], This, too, was a corollary of Douglasss non-exceptionalism principle. The louder she screamed, the harder he whippedI was quite a child, but I well remember it. In fact, weve already writtenour argumentative essays on whether Phoebe was a good friend to Sal. Of course the writing prompt is a bit more complex. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Again in contrast to more radical critics in his day and our own, Douglass insisted that these persisting abuses by the class of former slaveholders constituted clear violations, not legitimate applications and not refutations, of the natural right of property. V, p. 78. But the final, unimpeachable confirmation of Lincolns anti-slavery commitment came for Douglass in August 1864, when the President, fearing that a demoralized electorate would soon force a premature end to the war, summoned Douglass to the White House to discuss a covert scheme for liberating as many as possible in the meantime. For example, This view ignores the conclusive evidence that This position is mistaken because, 3. Argumentative essays have a basic structure that allows some room for the author's discretion. [37] Ibid., pp. In it, he articulated in an unforgettable manner the core meaning and mission of America, drawing inspiration, he said, from the magnificent words of the nations two great founding documents, the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. One of the key arguments in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass as well as in other narratives about slaves is inequality. Writing Revision: How to Fix Mistakes in Your Writing, AEPA English Language Arts (NT301): Practice & Study Guide, AEPA Middle Grades English Language Arts (NT201): Practice & Study Guide, Common Core ELA Grade 8 - Literature: Standards, 10th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 11th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Help and Review, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Tutoring Solution, 11th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, 12th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, Common Core ELA Grade 7 - Speaking & Listening: Standards, Create an account to start this course today. Abigail_Lane_-_Argumentative_Structure-Frederick_Douglass What country have I? he asked, a member of a race placed outside the protections of law, and answered, I have no patriotism. Douglass presented this speech to an antislavery societyan audience that was already on his side. No people can prosper, Douglass reiterated late in life, unless they have a home, or the hope of a home; and to have a home, one must have a country.[61] America was AfricanAmericans proper home, he maintained, their only realistic alternative and also the locus of their highest ideals. In the end, these elements of freedom-becoming educated-led to his last act of rebellion, which he thought would bring him freedom. (make). Another is that slavery is an institution fundamentally based on violence, telling the story of the vicious beatings an aunt of his would often receive: I have often been awakened at the dawn of day by the most heart-rending shrieks of an own aunt of mine, whom he used to tie up to a joist, and whip upon her naked back till she was literally covered with blood. IV, p. 63. While this quote is from a credible source (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics), it merely restates the claim and reasoning, rather than providing actual evidence to support it. The standard format for an argumentative essay is as follows: An effective argument contains all of the necessary components (claim, reasons, evidence, counterclaims) while keeping the intended audience in mind. Frederick. how does douglass refute this counterclaim?kids baking championship where are they now marshall park lunenburg ma where is boca grande beach where is boca grande beach Most enslaved people did not resist so openly, and fewer still ran away as Douglass did, but all, he makes clear, struggled to retain their humanity in the face of slavery's brutality. All I ask is, give him a chance to stand on his own legs! Various options can be effective: 1. -object: expresses one's disapproval, -consist of a noun and all of its modifiers, -consist of A made for and all of it helping, or auxiliary, verbs. We want no black Ireland in America, he warned in response to the Supreme Courts disappointing ruling in the Civil Rights Cases in 1883no American counterpart to the aggrieved, unproductive, disproportionately criminal (under)class that Douglass viewed as the natural issue of Englands injustice. 117118. [21], Douglass believed that slavery was doomed, first and foremost, because he believed that the law of nature as epitomized in the Declaration was, at some deep level, not only true but known or felt to be true by all concerned in the conflict over slavery. Yet, while Douglass narrative describes in vivid detail his experiences of life as a slave, what Douglass intends for his readers to grasp after reading his narrative is something much more profound. [5] For an indispensable rebuttal of this critique, see Thomas G. West, Vindicating the Founders: Race, Sex, Class, and Justice in the Origins of America (Lanham, Md. For Douglass as for Abraham Lincoln, America was, after all, the last, best hope of Earth.[62]. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? IV, p. 302. Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was a former slave who became a nationally recognized abolitionist orator during the antebellum period. ete the task. Informative_Paragraph.pdf - Name: Kayla Valadez Date: : Da Capo Press, 2001), p. 688. Criticizethe evidence and analysis of the counterclaimas being unimportant, irrelevant, or a misinterpretation. While this quote is from a credible source (Carolina Justice Policy Center) and provides factual evidence, the evidence is not relevant to the specific claim and reasoning provided. Douglass describes this memory as the "blood-stained gate" through which he entered slavery, and he is struck throughout at how the institution made tyrants of whites. After providing the thesis in the introduction, the author then spends the entire essay working to prove that claim through sub-claims (the central claim broken down into smaller chunks), reasoning, and evidence. The labor and stripes that accompanied slaveryeven its lasting material deprivationsdid not reach the depth of its harmful effects in Douglasss estimation. [If] the Negro cannot stand on his own legs, let him fall. One skill builds upon another. Under its influence, the tender heart became stone, and the lamblike disposition gave way to one of tigerlike fierceness" (page 28). The proper remedy for these violations, as he conceived of it, was in accord with this conviction. To remedy the degradation and impoverishment that proceeded from this culture of indolence, Douglass throughout the postwar years insistently extolled the property right and the virtues of free labor that supported it, and he called upon his fellow black Americans in particular to cultivate the self-reliant virtues of industry, productivity, and thrift. II, p. 360. Why is Douglass surprised by New Bedford in Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass? A counterclaim is the argument (or one of the arguments) opposing your thesis statement. Evidence - something that proves the truth of a claim, or leads to a . A great deal is at stake in this critique, and it demands a clear, forthright response: These charges against the Founders are false as well as pernicious. to this land, when it strips five millions of its people of all motives for cultivating an upright character.[36]. He taught them through all their hardships to love their country and their future in it. Fortunately, his master never treated him unkindly, until he was sent to be with a master that was the extreme opposite. The overall claim for an essay is also known as the thesis and can be found in the introduction of the essay. In response, however, influential scholars and activists have embraced a radical critique of America that is much more likely to worsen those problems than it is to resolve them. The first step in her transition from kindness to cruelty is when she is instructed to cease teaching Frederick Douglass to read. I feel like its a lifeline. The propensity of the latter, he warned, was to foster an enervating spirit of alienationa perpetual longing for some mighty revolution, diverting and dissipating the energies of those who harbored it.[59]. Accessed 4 Mar. -I have learned that African Americans have always been bullied and degraded by others, and they didn't get their freedom in the US until the mid 19th century, A discussion of a controversial or debatable issue, A particular belief, conclusion, or point of view. Douglasss great cause was integration, and his great theme was hopefulnessrationally grounded hopefulnessin Americas capacity to secure justice for all, irrespective of race, color, sex, or creed. How does Douglass's opening reference to the Declaration of Independence reinforce his message? This grand achievement taught Douglass something, as he says, From that moment, I understood the pathway from slavery to freedom. If you're ever going to convince your mom to get that new cell phone that's just perfect for you, you're going to have to move beyond mere opinions. succeed. II, pp. -he wishes he could present a speech that was positive for the people. [43] Douglass, Property in Soil and Property in Man, November 18, 1848, in Life and Writings, Vol. Most Africans that were either captured, born, or sold in America, lived the life of a typical slave, however Frederick Douglass was the exception. [58] The Blessings of Liberty and Education, in Douglass Papers, Vol. -his language is different, it proves hes educated, (b) How effective would it be for a modern audience? Northerners, remembering their revolutionary heritage enough, at least, to remain vigilant in defense of their own rights, would increasingly view these actions as aggressions until the point was reached that slaveholders, by their own imperial overreach, had assembled a coalition of enemies too large for them to defeat. After giving your reason, if your mom is anything like mine, she'll probably say, 'So?' Douglass publicly announced his change of opinion in the spring of 1851, but his most powerful statement of his revised view appears, fittingly enough, in his speech at an Independence Day celebration in 1852. The prostrate form, the uncovered head, the cringing attitude, the bated breath, the suppliant, outstretched hand of beggary does not become an American freeman, and does not become us as a class, and we will not consent to be any longer represented in that position. IV, p. 459. Under the whole Heavens, he remarked in 1894, there never was a people liberated from bondage under conditions less favorable to the successful beginning of a new and free mode of life, than were the Freedmen of the South. [51] With respect to corrective justice, he firmly endorsed the principle but took a subtle, carefully measured position with respect to its present application. Counterclaim - a claim for relief made in opposition to, or to offset another person's claim. Attorney Douglass does not refute any specific findings by the trial court, but simply claims in a conclusory manner that there was . Contrary to conventional wisdom, it's much more costly to execute a person than to imprison them for life" (Andre and Velasquez). [61] Douglass, Why Is the Negro Lynched? in Life and Writings, Vol. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? the debate over slavery? I have no country. He could feel no attachment to America, he explained, for reasons that ran deeper than the countrys unjust practices. That the natural-rights principles epitomized in the Declaration of Independence were universally and permanently true; That the everlasting glory of Americas Founding lay in its dedication to those principles; and. This strategy displays the idea that slaves were seen as property and could be discarded easily. [7] At the heart of all that he learned and taught were these simple propositions: A formidable thinker as well as an activist and a polemicist, Frederick Douglass produced the most powerful argument for the affirmation of those principles in the history of AfricanAmerican political thought. What other words in the speech connect to this concept? Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames. Second, it indicates Douglasss reluctance to support more radical measures such as the plan for confiscation proposed in 1867 by Pennsylvania Congressman Thaddeus Stevens, leader of the Radical Republicans in the House of Representatives. Conclusion--The conclusion of a five-paragraph essay is one paragraph. We are able to explore new ideas and concepts, which leads to more knowledge. 3 - Reasons. IV, p. 319. He point-by-point counters a Southern narrative that argued that slavery benefitted black people. Less than 20 inmates were executed in the United States in 2020. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - indbras.com.br Frederick Douglass pure story telling in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass directly goes against any argument for slavery from Fitzhugh, by revealing the harshness of the institution of slavery and the individuals behind it. In paragraph 5, (b) How does he refute that counterclaim? This is an effective counterclaim because it disagrees with the claim (stating that it should not be banned) and provides reasoning that disproves it (that it provides closure). Post author: Post published: junho 10, 2022 Post category: comcast central division leadership Post comments: semi pro football tulsa semi pro football tulsa But there are two sides to every argument. He makes an eloquent case for slavery as an evil and indefensible institution, and he points out as well that it corrupts whites to have such immense power over other human beings. For radical critics, Americas betrayals of the ideals of liberty and equality for all are betrayals in the nations founding principles rather than betrayals of them. That the salvation of the nation lay in its rededication to them. The fact is, Douglass observed as he reviewed the succession of failed attempts to quiet the controversy over slavery, the more the question has been settled, the more it has needed settling. 42% of the inmates are black, although African-Americans only account for 12.5% of the U.S. population" (Walter). [29] Douglass, Speech at the Unveiling of The Freedmens Monument, April 14, 1876, in Life and Writings, Vol. All rights reserved. international legion of territorial defense of ukraine pay. [39] Address of the Colored National Convention to the People of the United States, October 47, 1864, in Life and Writings, Vol. IV, ed. A few of which include inequality, education, and Christianity as the keys to freedom in terms of its true values within the institution of slavery. Using stories to illustrate each of his points, Douglass shows that black slaves only tell whites they are happy to avoid retribution, that they sing to mourn and lament their fate, and that owners who have gone to revival meetings and come back "converted" to Christianity feel even more emboldened to beat and mistreat their slaves, because it is Biblically sanctioned that slaves must obey their masters. There are a number of key arguments in "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass". What evidence does he use to support his claim?" It is very difficult to see how the forward- and upward-looking labor required to achieve the ends of justice for all and black elevation in America is to be sustained amid a spreading sentiment of alienation from America. Whereas Douglass from the outset called urgently and insistently for the Civil Wars prosecution as an abolition war, Lincoln saw in such a course of action only a self-destructive rashnessa premature radicalizing of the war, most likely to result in the disaffection of vital allies and, ultimately, the catastrophic failure of the Union cause. The short essay, Slavery as a Mythologized Institution, explains how people in that time period justified the disgusting behavior that was demonstrated regularly. Nevertheless, his speech does make an argument. Check your answer in a print or an online college-level dictionary, Identify and define two other words in which the prefix ob- means "against." Everyone would agree that education helps develop us into who we are and what we can become. This counterclaim both disagrees with the claim and disproves it with on-topic reasoning. [10] See, for example, Douglass, Speech at the Unveiling of the Freedmens Monument in Memory of Abraham Lincoln, April 14, 1876, in The Frederick Douglass Papers: Series One, Vol. [28] Douglass, Address on the Twentieth Anniversary of Emancipation, April 16, 1883, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Although, Douglass is able to be direct our thoughts to these experiences in such a light, you feel as if you are witnessing it happen right before you. So, there you have it - the four parts of an argument: claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. An effective argumentative essay will bring up counterclaims for two reasons: An effective counterclaim will both disagree with and disprove a claim. How he acquired it is a part of his story not to be neglected. The body can be organized by reasoning, with the author providing three reasons as the topic sentences for the three paragraphs, then using further reasoning and evidence to prove the topic sentence. Douglass never mentions the fact that many of the fathers were slave owners. [48] What the Black Man Wants, in Douglass Papers, Vol. If the author's claim is that organ selling should be legalized, an example of an effective counterclaim would be that organ selling should not be legalized because it can drive up the cost of organ transplants, meaning that only the rich could afford to receive a transplant. Two key components of an argumentative essay are the reasons and evidence. V, pp. Finally, he cites his altercation with Mr. Even Christianity was corrupted by slavery, he points out. Douglass also describes the way it corroded his soul to not know his birth date, to be told he couldn't learn to read after the wife of his Baltimore owner started to teach him, and to realize that slavery was a condition he would never grow out of. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 The three other claims are up for debate and need to be supported by a lot more reasoning and evidence in order to persuade an audience to believe the argument. For example, This evidence may be true; however, the objection does not change the fact that, 2. I will focus my attention on how education allowed Douglass to understand how slavery was wrong, and how the Americans saw the blacks as not equal, and only suitable for slave work.
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