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[52], Baker began service on the Rice University board of trustees in 1993.[53]. Corporations can become involved with the institute in a number of ways and see the benefit from the research conducted by our fellows and scholars. [15], In 1985, Reagan named Baker as United States Secretary of the Treasury, in a job-swap with then-Secretary Donald Regan, a former Merrill Lynch officer who became chief of staff. Several people who were at the party then tried to revive the girl, who was taken by helicopter to Inova Fairfax Hospital and pronounced dead. Join Facebook to connect with James Baker III and others you may know. James West Baker (Jimmy), of Olive Branch, Mississippi, was born in Benton County, Mississippi, on April 7, 1939. Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. Strengthening the binational relationship by addressing major concerns on both sides of the border. Thomas James Baker, Jr. was born to Thomas James Baker Sr. and Frankie Pauline Anderson on July 12, 1926 and passed peacefully from this life on June 9th, 2020. Baker is considered to have had a high degree of influence over the first Reagan administration, particularly in domestic policy. United States Under Secretary of Commerce, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration, Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, Learn how and when to remove this template message, James A. Baker III Institute of Public Policy, Virginia Graeme Baker Pool And Spa Safety Act, "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Addison Baker III", City of Houston: Procedures for Historic District Designation, "James A. Baker III Papers, 1957-2011, bulk 1972/1992", "Pittsburgh Businessman Ford Treasury Nominee", "President Ford Wednesday Nominated Edward O. Vetter of Dallas, Tex., to be undersecretary of commerce", "James Baker: President Maker [documentary]", "Phil Gailey and Warren Weaver, Jr., "Briefing", "National Winners | public service awards | Jefferson Awards.org", "Russia, Ukraine and the doomed 30-year quest for a post-Soviet order", James Baker: The Man Who Made Washington Work, "How to Block the Palestine Statehood Ploy", "Splitting the Difference: The Palestinian-Israeli Policy of James Baker", "AFTER THE WAR: DIPLOMACY; Baker and Syrian Chief Call Time Ripe for Peace Effort", "Baker resigns as UN mediator after seven years", "Baker surfaces as key adviser to Bush on Iraq", "Bush appoints Baker envoy on Iraqi debt", "U.S. and Iraqi Forces Clash With Sadr Militia in South", "The Private Trump Angst of a Republican Icon", "The Conservative Case for Carbon Dividends", "Guide to the Baker Family papers, 1853-1971 MS 040", "Former Secretary of state pushes for hot tub safety standards", "Former Secretary of State James Baker speaks in support of legislation intended to prevent accidental drowning", "Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act", During lockdown, comics Rosebud Baker and Andy Haynes have gotten sick and engaged, plus hosted a surreal podcast, "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement", "Gen. Colin L. Powell Biography and Interview", James Addison Baker Papers at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, James A. Baker III Oral History Collection at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. In some cases, children who are trying to hold their breath underwater get pulled in and can't get out. Baker served in the United States Marine Corps (19521954), attaining the rank of First Lieutenant and later rising to Captain in the United States Marine Corps Reserve. Hall. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Well, AIPAC wont like that, someone said. He remained in the Marine Corps Reserve until 1958, and rose to the rank of captain. Secretary Bakers position used to be fairly standard among Republicans, but the party, led especially by President Trump, has moved away from him to the point where loyalty to Israel is seen as a litmus test.. As Treasury Secretary, he arranged the Plaza Accord and the Baker Plan. [26], Baker became the first American statesman to negotiate directly and officially with Palestinians in the Madrid Conference of 1991, which was the first comprehensive peace conference that involved every party involved in the Arab-Israeli conflict and the conference was designed to address all outstanding issues. Ron Sachs/CNP for NY Post After leaving the FBI, Twitter seemed eager to hire Baker. The former secretary of state, they write, insisted the story was distorted at best. During his tenure at the State Department, Baker traveled to 90 foreign countries as the United States confronted the . In addition to the university, Hermann Park, the land for the future Museum of Fine Arts were in proximity. In March 1997, Baker became the Personal Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for Western Sahara. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [27] Baker proved willing to confront Israeli officials on statements they made contrary to American interests. They have one child. He has said that to be an honest broker means the United States should not be perceived as too one-sided. Baker is already getting kudos as a skilled diplomat who engineered a . Haaretz.com, the online English edition of Haaretz Newspaper in Israel, gives you breaking news, analyses and opinions about Israel, the Middle East and the Jewish World. Baker, however, was happy with the reception, The tension between the two governments became a full-blown crisis a year later in 1990 when, as described in the book, a deputy foreign minister named Benjamin Netanyahu openly assailed the United States for being too gullible in its dealings with the Palestinians., Netanyahu, then in his early 40s and a rising star in Likud, said in remarks to the media: It is astonishing that a superpower like the United States, which was supposed to be the symbol of political fairness and international honesty, is building its policy on a foundation of distortion and lies.. Baker was furious, and his immediate reaction was to tell close aides hed be kicking the Israeli ambassador out of Washington. Mary Stuart Baker (Mary Stuart was her full first name) died of breast cancer in February 1970. . Omissions? Adventures and Lessons from an Unexpected Public Life Hardcover - October 5, 2006 by James Baker III (Author) 87 ratings Kindle $14.99 Read with Our Free App Hardcover $24.42 65 Used from $1.45 8 New from $19.90 2 Collectible from $29.96 Paperback Baker married his first wife Mary Stuart McHenry in 1953. Baker remained active in business and public affairs after Bush's defeat in the 1992 presidential election. Baker was the Republican co-chairman along with Democratic Congressman Lee H. Hamilton, to advise Congress on Iraq. Major gifts provide the funds necessary for the Baker Institute to explore new areas of study and research, and expand current programs. He and his wife, the former Susan Garrett, currently reside in Houston and have eight children and 17 grandchildren. He also played a role in the development of the American Silver Eagle and American Gold Eagle coins, which both were released in 1986. She passed away of breast cancer in February. Plan a gift that will ensure lasting, meaningful support for policy programs important to you. What are James Bakers views on the future of international collaboration? He served as a United Nations envoy to Western Sahara and as a consultant to Enron. George Herbert Walker Bush then encouraged Baker to become active in politics to help deal with the grief of his wife's death, something that George Herbert Walker Bush himself had done when his daughter, Pauline Robinson Bush (19491953), died of leukemia. Baker received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991 and has been the recipient of many other awards for distinguished public service, including Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson Award, the American Institute for Public Service's Jefferson Award, Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government Award, The Hans J. Morgenthau Award, The George F. Kennan Award, the Department of the Treasury's Alexander Hamilton Award, the Department of State's Distinguished Service Award and numerous honorary academic degrees. Baker served in this role through 1992. Baker blocked the creation of Palestine by threatening to cut funding to agencies in the United Nations: As far back as 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) issued a "declaration of statehood and changed the name of its observer delegation to the United Nations from the PLO to Palestine. He served as the nation's 61st secretary of state from January 1989 through August 1992 under President George H.W. Baker, Peter, and Glasser, Susan, The Man Who Ran Washington Doubleday, 2020, at pp. Climate Leadership, Policy & Political Thoughts on the Current Crisis, State Dept. A lawyer by training, he practiced law in Houston with the firm of Andrews & Kurth for more than twenty years. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. After calming down a bit, he settled for declaring Netanyahu persona non grata, barring him from even entering the doors of the State Department. Despite pleas from his Middle East adviser, Dennis Ross, Baker refused to change the decision. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 10th White House Chief of Staff and 67th United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Ronald Reagan and the 61st U.S. Secretary of State before returning as the 16th White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush. Originally Baker had been a Democrat, although he had been too busy trying to succeed in a competitive law firm to worry about politics and he considered himself apolitical. When Bush decided to run for the U.S. Senate in 1969, he supported Baker's decision to run for the Congressional seat he was vacating. For 12 years, from 1980 to 1992, James A. Baker III operated as one of the most powerful non-elected officials in Washington, serving first as President Ronald Reagan's chief of staff and later . (Read James Bakers Britannica essay on isolationism.). The authors write that in his speech Baker wanted to call for a reasonable middle ground on the Israeli-Palestinian issue. Complete a form for event, media or other inquiries, and get directions and parking information for the Baker Institute. Bush and Secretary of State James A. Baker III (left) meet with reporters on the White House lawn on May 17, 1991, in Washington. His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts. [18] He later revealed that he had agreed to do so because James Baker promised that NATO troops would not be posted to eastern Germany and that the military alliance would not expand into Eastern Europe. Baker and his boss, the 41st president, were two of the most influential figures in GOP politics from the 1970s onward. James Baker has been featured repeatedly in the Russian investigations launched by the Justice Department. However, Baker changed his mind about running for Congress when his wife was diagnosed with breast cancer; she died in February 1970. James A. Baker, III entered the world in 1930 as the son, grandson, and great-grandson of distinguished lawyers all named James A. Baker,2 who each made a good living working at the Baker Botts law firm (formed by Baker's great-grandfather) in Houston. The 2008 film Recount covers the days following the controversial election. Former U.S. Secretary of State James A. Baker III responded to my question about NATO's eastward expansion. Adventures and Lessons from an Unexpected Public Life by III, James Baker and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.com. Secretary Baker himself is actually a pretty religious person, but hes not a favorite of the evangelical wing of the party, which has long viewed him with suspicion, Peter Baker added. Advancing data-based policies that promote health and well-being in the U.S. and around the world. In June 2004 he resigned from this position, frustrated over the lack of progress in reaching a complete settlement acceptable to both the government of Morocco and the pro-independence Polisario Front. During the Reagan administration, Baker also served on the Economic Policy Council, where he played an instrumental role in achieving the passage of the administration's tax and budget reform package in 1981. From 1997 to 2004, Baker served as the personal envoy of United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan to seek a political solution to the conflict over Western Sahara. Andrew Baker, a chaplain during the Rev. Bakerwho served on George W. Bush's Homeland Security Councilis the son of James Baker, who for more than a decade was one of the most powerful people in Washington, serving from 1981 to. James Addison Baker was born in Houston, Texas at 1216 Bissonnet, to James A. Baker, Jr. (1892-1973) and Ethel Bonner (born Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 - April 26, 1991). Israeli officials and public were highly offended due to the tone of his speech, though his address called for little more than his predecessors. In 1993 Baker became the founding chair of the James A. Baker III Institute of Public Policy at Rice University in Houston, Texas. Baker also advised George W. Bush on Iraq. [46] During a 2016 memorial service for Nancy Reagan, he commented to former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney that he believed there were parallels between the rise of Trump and the rise of Reagan. View the profiles of people named James Baker III. He serves on the World Justice Project and the Climate Leadership Council. Before the 1988 election, he and a team of some Middle Eastern policies experts created a report detailing the Palestine-Israel interactions. In addition to the numerous recognitions received by Baker, he was presented with the prestigious Woodrow Wilson Award for public service on September 13, 2000 in Washington, D.C.. Baker served as chief legal adviser for George W. Bush during the 2000 election campaign and oversaw the Florida recount. From 1981 to 1985, he served as White House chief of staff to President Reagan. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Geni requires JavaScript! Baker was the Republican co-chair along with Democratic Representative Lee H. Hamilton, to advise Congress on Iraq. He earned a Bachelor of Laws (1957) from the University of Texas School of Law and began to practice law in Texas. He was the third in a succession of men named James Addison Baker, all of whom were attorneys for Baker Botts or its antecedents. But the report about his comments had such resonance because his policies were perceived to be skeptical of Israel.. His son, James A. Baker, Jr., served in World War II, became a lawyer in the family firm and continued the Baker commitment to Rice. He had Richard Darman of Massachusetts as his Deputy Secretary of the Treasury. As treasury secretary, he was also chairman of the President's Economic Policy Council. War. He also served as Chief of Staff and Secretary of the Treasury for Reagan and as Secretary of State for Bush. In addition to the numerous recognitions received by Baker, he was presented with the prestigious Woodrow Wilson Award for public service on September 13, 2000, in Washington, D.C. James A. Baker III '52: A Tribute to George Shultz '42 first appeared in the December 2021 issue of the Princeton Alumni Weekly. Browse 964 james a. baker iii stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Baker helped to construct the 34-nation alliance that fought alongside the United States in the Gulf War. Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.[17]. [54] Mary Stuart Baker (Mary Stuart was her full first name) died of breast cancer in February 1970. James A. Baker, III, has served in senior government positions under three United States presidents. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Baker, U.S. Department of State - Office of the Historian - Biography of James Addison III Baker, Miller Center - Biography of James A. Baker, James Addison Baker - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Iraq Study Group before U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee. Though Bush lost to Lloyd Bentsen in the election, Baker continued in politics, becoming the Finance Chairman of the Republican Party in 1971. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. Reagan rejected the Phillips-Wright request. James Baker, in full James Addison Baker III, (born April 28, 1930, Houston, Texas, U.S.), American government official, political manager, and lawyer who occupied important posts in the Republican presidential administrations of the 1980s and early '90s, including that of U.S. secretary of state (1989-92). [18] Privately, Bush ignored Baker's assurances and later pushed for NATO's eastwards expansion. [39] When the U.S. occupation of Iraq began in 2003 he was one of the Bush administration's first choices to direct the Coalition Provisional Authority, but he was deemed too old. State of Denial, a book by investigative reporter Bob Woodward, says that White House Chief of Staff, Andrew Card, urged President Bush to replace Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld with Baker following the 2004 election. Neither Koch nor Safire named a source, but the former mayor later acknowledged in a book that Kemp was the one who tipped him off., Peter Baker and Susan Glasser interviewed both Kemp and James Baker about the episode. The war in Iraq may be a disaster for George W. Bush, but for James Baker III it has become an opportunity to seal his reputation as a statesman rather than a political fixer, which is how he's spent much of his career. [41], State of Denial, a book by investigative reporter Bob Woodward, says that White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card urged President Bush to replace Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld with Baker following the 2004 presidential election. James Addison Baker III was born in Houston at 1216 Bissonnet St., the son of James A. Baker Jr. (1892-1973) and Ethel Bonner (ne Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 - April 26, 1991). Around 1983 Baker became heavily dispirited and tired due to the weight of his job; he attempted to become National Security Advisor, a change to which Reagan initially agreed, but some of Reagan's other advisers dissuaded him from naming Baker to the position. Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy, Edward P. Djerejian Center for the Middle East, McNair Center for Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth, Baker Briefing: A Diplomats Perspective on Russia, Addressing Climate Change in the Developing World: A Conversation with Rajiv Shah, Charting Paths Forward on Immigration Reform, The Strategic case for U.S. Secretary Baker made clear to us that he thinks President Trump has leaned too heavily in one direction when it comes to Middle East peace, Peter Baker told Haaretz. . On March 15, 2006, Congress announced the formation of the Iraq Study Group, a high-level panel of prominent former officials charged by members of Congress with taking a fresh look at America's policy on Iraq. Baker, no relation, is the co-author of "The Man Who Ran Washington: the Life and Times of James Baker III." He wrote the book with his wife, "New Yorker" correspondent Susan Glasser.. Reach out to the Palestinians as neighbors who deserve political rights. Bakers use of the term Greater Israel and his insistence on criticizing both sides of the conflict, not just the Palestinians, was received negatively by AIPACs leadership. The elder Baker was treasury secretary and chief of staff under President Ronald Reagan and secretary of state under former President George Bush. Baker became chairman of Bush's Senate campaign in Harris County. But did Baker ever actually say it? [26] In the meantime, Baker also tried to negotiate with the Syrian President Hafez al-Assad, in order to achieve a lasting peace between Israel and Syria. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. His team included Dennis Ross and many others who were soon appointed to the new Bush Administration. "It was cleaned and inspected the day before the party.". Koch wrote that during a recent White House meeting Baker had responded to criticism of his tough approach to Israel by saying, Fuck em. He married Mary McHenry in 1953 and they had four sons, James IV, Mike, John and Doug. Reagan appointed Baker as his White House Chief of Staff, and Baker remained in that position until 1985, when he became the Secretary of the Treasury. They claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a Bush political intimate, was undermining conservative initiatives in the administration. [47], Baker serves on the Honorary Council of Advisers for the U.S.-Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce. "Thank you for being such a great leader for this country and for this department.". Proud grandfather and former Secretary of State James A. Baker III dared graduates of his alma mater, The Hill School, on Saturday to be revolutionaries. He called on the Palestinians to renounce violence and recognize Israel, but also called on the Israeli leadership to lay aside, once and for all, the unrealistic vision of a Greater Israel.. Focusing on U.S. space policy and the future of space travel. After Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused the United States of "building its policy on a foundation of distortion and lies," Baker banned Netanyahu from entering the State Department building, and refused to meet with him personally for the remainder of his tenure as secretary. Family (1) Trivia (10) U.S. Secretary of the Treasury from 1985-1988 in the second Ronald Reagan administration. The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen the Rule of Law for the development of communities of opportunity and equity. James Addison Baker III, born 28 Apr 1930 Date 1989 Type Photograph Medium Color photograph on paper Dimensions Sheet: 35.6 27.9cm (14 11") Credit Line National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Time magazine Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply Copyright William Coupon Object number NPG.90.TC16 Collection Description [51] In 2017, this group of "Republican elder statesmen" proposed that conservatives embrace a fee and dividend form of carbon tax (in which all revenue generated by the tax is rebated to the populace in the form of lump-sum dividends), as a policy to deal with anthropogenic climate change. His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts. On September 11, 2001, Baker watched television coverage of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon from the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Washington DC, where Baker and representatives of Osama bin Laden's family were among those attending the annual conference for the Carlyle Group. Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. His friends . The conference is covered extensively in the book, ending with a quote by James Baker telling his close aides he would like to move even further on the peace process after helping Bush win reelection. The email newsletter of Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy provides a snapshot of institute news, research and upcoming events. In 1973, Baker and Susan Garrett Winston, a close friend of Mary Stuart's, were married. On March 15, 2006, Congress announced the formation of the Iraq Study Group, a high-level panel of prominent former officials charged by members of Congress with taking a fresh look at America's policy on Iraq. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. The group also included Martin S. Feldstein and N. Gregory Mankiw. Bakers shuttle diplomacy, and his willingness to enter into heated political fights with Israels supporters in Washington, eventually led to the convening of the Madrid Conference in 1991 an important breakthrough in the peace process and one of the greatest foreign policy achievements of the George H.W. Who is James Baker? In December 2003, President George W. Bush appointed Baker as his special envoy to ask various foreign creditor nations to forgive or restructure the approximately $100 billion in international debts owed by the Iraq government which had been incurred during the tenure of Saddam Hussein. [25] As far back as 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) issued a "declaration of statehood" and changed the name of its observer delegation to the United Nations from the PLO to Palestine. Bush, left, and former Secretary of State James A. Baker III talking about the Gulf War and liberation of Kuwait, during an interview January 18, 2011, in Houston. Bakers reflections on those years of revolution, war and peace The Politics of Diplomacy was published in 1995. Baker has formal involvement with the country of Azerbaijan as he serves on the Honorary Council of Advisers for the U.S.-Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce. With Rudy Giuliani flailing through a series of failed election challenges for the Trump campaign, a superb new political biography provides fresh evidence of just how stark the contrast is between the head of Trump's legal team and George W. Bush's hyperprepared, efficient and savvy commander-in-chief for the 2000 election political and legal fight, James A. Baker III. Two weeks later still more settlements were announced, the authors write. [14], Baker managed Reagan's 1984 re-election campaign in which Reagan polled a record 525 electoral votes total (of a possible 538), and received 58.8% of the popular vote to Walter Mondale's 40.6%. Bush and Baker saw the comment as a commitment from Shamir not to expand settlements, whereas the Israeli premier meant the exact opposite: that he would continue to build in the occupied territories, because such building shouldnt pose a problem in his view. The authors, a married couple who previously co-authored a book about the rise of Vladimir Putin, present Baker as the face of what the Republican Party used to stand for and has lost in the era of Donald Trump. James A. Baker III., Capt. Robert was born in 1735 and fought at King's Mountain and is believed to be the brother of the famous Rev. Amy Lubas, a police spokeswoman, said the whirlpool had been checked recently. He became a close friend of George H. W. Bush and worked for Bush's unsuccessful 1970 campaign for the United States Senate. Developing pragmatic policy approaches to the regions enduring political, economic and societal concerns. A drowning can happen in nearly a blink of the eye.". James A. Baker. . A Republican Party campaign leader, James Addison Baker, III (born 1930) helped elect as president both Ronald Reagan and George Bush. His wife, Susan, listens at right. On January 9, 1991, during the Geneva Peace Conference with Tariq Aziz in Geneva, Baker declared that "If there is any user of (chemical or biological weapons), our objectives won't just be the liberation of Kuwait, but the elimination of the current Iraqi regime." Baker later acknowledged that the intent of this statement was to threaten a retaliatory nuclear strike on Iraq, and the Iraqis received his message.